Contents

• Getting Started
  • First Python program
  • Creating variables and assigning values
  • Block Indentation
  • Datatypes
  • Collection Types
  • IDLE - Python GUI
  • User Input
  • Built in Modules and Functions
  • Creating a module
  • Installation of Python 2.7.x and 3.x
  • String function - str and repr
  • Installing external modules using pip
  • Help Utility
• List comprehension
  • Basics of list comprehensions
  • Conditional List Comprehensions
  • Avoid repetitive and expensive operations using conditional clause
  • Dictionary Comprehensions
  • List Comprehensions with Nested Loops
  • Generator Expressions
  • Set Comprehensions
  • Refactoring filter and map to list comprehensions
  • Comprehensions involving tuples
  • Counting Occurrences Using Comprehension
  • Changing Types in a List
• Filter
  • Filter
  • Basic use of filter
  • Basic use of map itertools.imap and future builtins.map
  • Filter without function
  • Filter as short-circuit check
  • Complementary function filterfalse, ifilterfalse
• List
  • List
  • List methods and supported operators
  • 0Accessing list values
  • Checking if list is empty
  • Iterating over lists
  • Checking whether an item is in a list
  • Iterating over a list
  • Any and All
  • Length of a list
  • Concatenate and Merge lists
  • Reversing list elements
  • Remove duplicate values in list
  • Accessing values of a dictionary
  • Comparison of lists
  • The dict constructor
  • Accessing values in nested list
  • Initializing a List to a Fixed Number of Elements
• Functions
  • Functions
  • Defining and calling simple functions
  • Defining a function with an arbitrary number of arguments
  • Lambda Inline, Anonymous Functions
  • Defining a function with optional arguments
  • Defining a function with optional mutable arguments
  • Argument passing and mutability
  • Returning values from functions
  • Closure
  • Forcing the use of named parameters
  • Defining a function with arguments
  • Recursive functions
  • Recursion limit
  • Nested functions
  • Recursive Lambda using assigned variable
  • Defining a function with multiple arguments
  • Iterable and dictionary unpacking
• Decorators
  • Decorators
  • Decorator function
  • Decorator class
  • Decorator with arguments decorator factory
  • Making a decorator look like the decorated function
  • Using a decorator to time a function
  • Create singleton class with a decorator
• Math module
  • Rounding round floor ceil trunc
  • Square root math.sqrt and cmath.sqrt
  • Trigonometry
  • Logarithms
  • Constants
  • Infinity and NaN not a number
  • Pow for faster exponentiation
  • Copying signs
  • Imaginary Numbers
  • Complex numbers and the cmath module
• Loops
  • Loops
  • Changing the sequence you are iterating over
  • Break and Continue in Loops
  • For loops
  • Iterating over lists
  • Loops with an else clause
  • Iterating over dictionaries
  • The Pass Statement
  • While Loop
  • Iterating different portion of a list with different step size
  • The half loop do-while
  • Looping and Unpacking
• Random module
  • Random module
  • Creating a random user password
  • Random and sequences shuffle choice and sample
  • Creating random integers and floats randint randrange random and uniform
  • Create cryptographically secure random numbers
  • Reproducible random numbers Seed and State
  • Random Binary Decision
• Comparisons
  • Comparisons
  • Chain Comparisons
  • Comparison by is vs
  • Greater than or less than
  • Not equal to
  • Equal To
  • Comparing Objects
  • Common Gotcha Python does not enforce typing
• Importing modules
  • Importing modules
  • Importing a module
  • The all special variable
  • Import modules from an arbitrary filesystem location
  • Importing all names from a module
  • Programmatic importing
  • PEP8 rules for Imports
  • Importing specific names from a module
  • Importing submodules
  • import function
  • Re-importing a module
• Sorting Minimum and Maximium
  • Make custom classes orderable
  • Special case dictionaries
  • Using the key argument
  • Default Argument to max min
  • Getting a sorted sequence
  • Extracting N largest or N smallest items from an iterable
  • Minimum and Maximum of a sequence
  • Getting the minimum or maximum of several values
• Operator module
  • Itemgetter
  • Operators as alternative to an infix operator
  • Methodcaller
• Variable Scope and Binding
  • Variable Scope and Binding
  • Nonlocal Variables
  • Global Variables
  • Local Variables
  • Binding Occurrence
  • Functions skip class scope when looking up names
  • The del command
  • Local vs Global Scope
• Basic Input and Output
  • Using the print function
  • Using input and raw input
  • Function to prompt user for a number
  • Printing a string without a newline at the end
  • Read from stdin
  • Input from a File
• Files, Folders, I/O
  • Files, Folders, I/O
  • File modes
  • Reading a file line-by-line
  • Iterate files recursively
  • Getting the full contents of a file
  • Writing to a file
  • Check whether a file or path exists
  • Random File Access Using mmap
  • Copying contents of one file to a different file
  • Copy a directory tree
  • Read a file between a range of lines
  • Replacing text in a file
  • Checking if a file is empty
• JSON Module
  • JSON Module
  • Storing data in a file
  • Retrieving data from a file
  • Formatting JSON output
  • Creating Python dict from JSON
  • load vs loads dump vs dumps
  • Calling json.tool from the command line to pretty-print JSON output
  • Creating JSON from Python dict
  • JSON encoding custom objects
• String Methods
  • String Methods
  • Changing the capitalization of a string
  • str.translate Translating characters in a string
  • str.format and f-strings Format values into a string
  • String modules useful constants
  • Replace all occurrences of one substring with another substring
  • Reversing a string
  • Testing what a string is composed of
  • Split a string based on a delimiter into a list of strings
  • Stripping unwanted leading/trailing characters from a string
  • String Contains
  • Join a list of strings into one string
  • Counting number of times a substring appears in a string
  • Case insensitive string comparisons
  • Test the starting and ending characters of a string
  • Justify strings
  • Conversion between str or bytes data and unicode characters
• Metaclasses
  • Metaclasses
  • Basic Metaclasses
  • Singletons using metaclasses
  • Using a metaclass
  • Introduction to Metaclasses
  • Custom functionality with metaclasses
  • The default metaclass
• Indexing and Slicing
  • Indexing and Slicing
  • Basic Slicing
  • Reversing an object
  • Slice assignment
  • Making a shallow copy of an array
  • Indexing custom classes: getitem, setitem and delitem
  • Basic Indexing
  • Slice objects
• Generators
  • Generators
  • Introduction
  • Infinite sequences
  • Sending objects to a generator
  • Yielding all values from another iterable
  • Iteration
  • The next function
  • Coroutines
  • Refactoring list-building code
  • Yield with recursion recursively listing all files in a directory
  • Generator expressions
  • Using a generator to find Fibonacci Numbers
  • Searching
  • Iterating over generators in parallel
  • Chaining multiple iterators together
• Simple Mathematical Operators
  • Simple Mathematical Operators
  • Division
  • Addition
  • Exponentation
  • Trigonometric Functions
  • Inplace Operations
  • Multiplication
  • Logarithms
  • Subtraction
  • Modulus
• Reduce
  • Reduce
  • Overview
  • Using reduce
  • Cumulative product
  • Non short-circuit variant of anyall
  • First truthy / falsy element of a sequence or last element if there is none
• Map Function
  • Map Function
  • Basic use of map itertools.imap and future builtins.map
  • Mapping each value in an iterable
  • Mapping values of different iterables
  • Transposing with Map Using None as function argument python 2.x only
  • Series and Parallel Mapping
• Exponentation
  • Exponentiation
  • Exponentiation using builtins and pow
  • Square root math.sqrt and cmath.sqrt
  • Modular exponentiation pow with 3 arguments
  • Exponentiation using the math module math.pow
  • Exponential function math.exp and cmath.exp
  • Exponential function minus 1 math.expm1
  • Magic methods and exponentiation builtin math and cmath
  • Roots nth-root with fractional exponents
  • Computing large integer roots
• Searching
  • Searching
  • Searching for an element
  • Getting the index for strings str.index str.rindex and str.find str.rfind
  • Getting the index list and tuples list.index tuple.index
  • Searching keys for a value in dict
  • Getting the index for sorted sequences bisect.bisect left
  • Searching nested sequences
  • Searching in custom classes contains and iter
• Dictionary
  • Dictionary
  • Introduction to Dictionary
  • Avoiding KeyError Exceptions
  • Iterating Over a Dictionary
  • Dictionary with default values
  • Merging dictionaries
  • Unpacking dictionaries using the ** operator
  • Creating an ordered dictionary
  • Creating a dictionary
  • Accessing values of a dictionary
  • Accessing keys and values
  • All combinations of dictionary values
  • The trailing comma
  • The dict constructor
  • Dictionaries Example
• Classes
  • Classes
  • Introduction to classes
  • Bound unbound and static methods
  • Basic inheritance
  • Monkey Patching
  • New-style vs. old-style classes
  • Class methods alternate initializers
  • Untitled
  • Properties
  • Using the property decorator for read-write properties
  • Singleton class
  • Default values for instance variables
  • Class composition
  • Class and instance variables
  • Listing All Class Members
  • Setting the ABCMeta metaclass
  • Using the property decorator
  • Descriptors and Dotted Lookups
• Counting
  • Counting all occurrence of all items in an iterable collections.Counter
  • Getting the most common value-s collections.Counter.most common
  • Counting the occurrences of one item in a sequence list.count and tuple.count
  • Counting the occurrences of a substring in a string str.count
  • Counting occurrences in numpy array
• Manipulating XML
  • Manipulating XML
  • Opening and reading using an ElementTree
  • Modifying an XML File
  • Create and Build XML Documents
  • Opening and reading large XML files using iterparse incremental parsing
  • Searching the XML with XPath
• Date and Time
  • Date and Time
  • Parsing a string into a timezone aware datetime object
  • Constructing timezone-aware datetimes
  • Basic datetime objects usage
  • Computing time differences
  • Simple date arithmetic
  • Subtracting months from a date accurately
  • Converting timestamp to datetime
  • Switching between time zones
  • Fuzzy datetime parsing extracting datetime out of a text
  • Parsing an arbitrary ISO 8601 timestamp with minimal libraries
  • Parsing a string with a short time zone name into a timezone aware datetime object
  • Iterate over dates
  • Get an ISO 8601 timestamp
• Set
  • Set
  • Operations on sets
  • Get the unique elements of a list
  • Set of Sets
  • Set Operations using Methods and Builtins
  • Sets versus multisets
• Collections module
  • Collections module
  • collections.Counter
  • collections.defaultdict
  • collections.OrderedDict
  • collections.namedtuple
  • collections.deque
  • collections.ChainMap
• Parallel computation
  • Parallel computation
  • Using the multiprocessing module to parallelize tasks
  • Using a C-extension to parallelize tasks
  • Using Parent and Children scripts to execute code in parallel
  • Using PyPar module to parallelize
• Multithreading
  • Multithreading
  • Basics of multithreading
  • Communicating between threads
  • Creating a worker pool
  • Advanced use of multithreads
  • Stoppable Thread with a while Loop
• Writing C extensions
  • Hello World with C Extension
  • C Extension Using c and Boost
  • Passing an open file to C Extensions
• Unit Testing
  • Unit Testing
  • Setting up py.test
  • Test Setup and Teardown within a unittest.TestCase
  • Intro to Test Fixtures
  • Asserting on Exceptions
  • Failing Tests
  • Testing Exceptions
  • Choosing Assertions Within Unittests
  • Mocking functions with unittest.mock.create autospec
  • Unit tests with pytest
• Regular Expressions
  • Regular Expressions Regex
  • Matching the beginning of a string
  • Searching
  • Precompiled patterns
  • Flags
  • Splitting a string using regular expressions
  • Replacing
  • Find All Non-Overlapping Matches
  • Checking for allowed characters
  • Grouping
  • Escaping Special Characters
  • Iterating over matches using re.finditer
  • Match an expression only in specific locations
• Bitwise Operators
  • Bitwise Operators
  • Bitwise NOT
  • Bitwise XOR Exclusive OR
  • Bitwise AND
  • Bitwise OR
  • Bitwise Left Shift
  • Bitwise Right Shift
  • Inplace Operations
• Incompatibilities moving from Python 2 to Python 3
  • 000Incompatibilities moving from Python 2 to Python 3
  • Integer Division
  • Unpacking Iterables
  • Strings Bytes versus Unicode
  • Print statement vs. Print function
  • Differences between range and xrange functions
  • Raising and handling Exceptions
  • Leaked variables in list comprehension
  • True False and None
  • User Input
  • Comparison of different types
  • .next method on iterators renamed
  • filter map and zip return iterators instead of sequences
  • Renamed modules
  • long vs. int
  • Removed operators and synonymous with and repr
  • Reduce is no longer a built-in
  • All classes are new-style classes in Python 3
  • AbsoluteRelative Imports
  • map
  • The round function tie-breaking and return type
  • cmp function removed in Python 3
  • File IO
  • Return value when writing to a file object
  • Octal Constants
  • encode / decode to hex no longer available
  • exec statement is a function in Python 3
  • Dictionary method changes
  • Class Boolean Value
  • hasattr function bug in Python 2
• Virtual environments
  • Virtual environments
  • Creating and using a virtual environment
  • Specifying specific python version to use in script on UnixLinux
  • Creating a virtual environment for a different version of python
  • Making virtual environments using Anaconda
  • Managing multiple virtual enviroments with virtualenvwrapper
  • Installing packages in a virtual environment
  • Discovering which virtual environment you are using
  • Using virtualenv with fish shell
  • Checking if running inside a virtual environment
• Copying data
  • Copy a dictionary
  • Performing a shallow copy
  • Performing a deep copy
  • Performing a shallow copy of a list
  • Copy a set
• Tuple
  • Tuple
  • Tuple
  • Tuples are immutable
  • Packing and Unpacking Tuples
  • Built-in Tuple Functions
  • Tuple Are Element-wise Hashable and Equatable
  • Indexing Tuples
  • Reversing Elements
• Context Managers with Statement
  • Context Managers with Statement
  • Introduction to context managers and the with statement
  • Writing your own context manager
  • Writing your own contextmanager using generator syntax
  • Multiple context managers
  • Assigning to a target
  • Manage Resources
• Hidden Features
  • Operator Overloading
• Enum
• String Formatting
  • String Formatting
  • Basics of String Formatting
  • Alignment and padding
  • Format literals f-string
  • Float formatting
  • String formatting with datetime
  • Named placeholders
  • Formatting Numerical Values
  • Nested formatting
  • Format using Getitem and Getattr
  • Padding and truncating strings combined
  • Custom formatting for a class
• Conditionals
  • Conditionals
  • Conditional Expression or The Ternary Operator
  • if, elif and else
  • Truth Values
  • Boolean Logic Expressions
  • Using the cmp function to get the comparison result of two objects
  • 0Else statement
  • If statement
  • Testing if an object is None and assigning it
  • Conditional Expression Evaluation Using List Comprehensions
• Complex math
  • Complex math
  • Advanced complex arithmetic
  • Basic complex arithmetic
• Unicode and bytes
  • Unicode and bytes
  • Encoding/decoding error handling
  • File I/O
  • Basics
• The __name__ special variable
  • The __name__ special variable
  • __name__ __main__
  • function class or module.__name__
  • Use in logging
• Check if path exists
  • Checking Path Existence and Permissions
  • Perform checks using os.access
• Networking
  • Python Networking
  • Creating a Simple HTTP Server
  • The simplest Python socket client-server example
  • Creating a TCP server
  • Creating a UDP Server
  • Start Simple HttpServer in a thread and open the browser
• Asyncio Module
  • Coroutine and Delegation Syntax
  • Asynchronous Executors
  • Using UVLoop
  • Synchronization Primitive Event
  • A Simple Websocket
  • Common Misconception about asyncio
• Print Function
  • Print basics
  • Print parameters
• os.path module
  • os.path
  • Join Paths
  • Path Component Manipulation
  • Absolute Path from Relative Path
  • Get the parent directory
  • If the given path exists.
  • check if the given path is a directory file symbolic link mount point etc.
• Creating Python packages
  • Creating Python packages
  • Introduction
  • Uploading to PyPI
  • Making package executable
• Parsing Command Line Arguments
  • Parsing Command Line arguments
  • Hello world in argparse
  • Using command line arguments with argv
  • Setting mutually exclusive arguments with argparse
  • Basic example with docopt
  • Custom parser error message with argparse
  • Conceptual grouping of arguments with argparse.add argument group
  • Advanced example with docopt and docopt dispatch
• HTML Parsing
  • Using CSS selectors in BeautifulSoup
  • Locate a text after an element in BeautifulSoup
  • PyQuery
• Subprocess Library
  • Subprocess Library
  • More flexibility with Popen
  • Calling External Commands
  • How to create the command list argument
• setup.py
  • setup.py
  • Purpose of setup.py
  • Using source control metadata in setup.py
  • Adding command line scripts to your python package
  • Adding installation options
• List slicing
  • List slicing selecting parts of lists
  • Using the third step argument
  • Selecting a sublist from a list
  • Reversing a list with slicing
  • Shifting a list using slicing
• Sockets
  • Sockets
  • Sending data via UDP
  • Receiving data via UDP
  • Sending data via TCP
  • Multi-threaded TCP Socket Server
  • Raw Sockets on Linux
• Itertools Module
  • Itertools Module
  • itertools.dropwhile
  • Combinations method in Itertools Module
  • Take a slice of a generator
  • Zipping two iterators until they are both exhausted
  • Grouping items from an iterable object using a function
  • itertools.takewhile
  • itertools.count
  • itertools.product
  • itertools.repeat
  • Get an accumulated sum of numbers in an iterable
  • Cycle through elements in an iterator
  • itertools.permutations
  • Chaining multiple iterators together
• Recursion
  • Recursion
  • The What How and When of Recursion
  • Sum of numbers from 1 to n
  • Tree exploration with recursion
  • Increasing the Maximum Recursion Depth
  • Tail Recursion - Bad Practice
  • Tail Recursion Optimization Through Stack Introspection
• Boolean Operators
  • and
  • or
  • not
  • Short-circuit evaluation
  • and and or are not guaranteed to return a boolean
  • A simple example
• dis module
  • What is Python bytecode
  • Constants in the dis module
  • Disassembling modules
• Type Hints
  • Type Hints
  • Adding types to a function
  • Generic Types
  • NamedTuple
  • Variables and Attributes
  • Class Members and Methods
  • Type hints for keyword arguments
• pip PyPI Package Manager
  • pip PyPI Package Manager
  • Install Packages
  • To list all packages installed using pip
  • Upgrade Packages
  • Uninstall Packages
  • Updating all outdated packages on Linux
  • Updating all outdated packages on Windows
  • Create a requirements.txt file of all packages on the system
  • Create a requirements.txt file of packages only in the current virtualenv
  • Using a certain Python version with pip
  • Installing packages not yet on pip as wheels
• locale module
• Exceptions
  • Exceptions
  • Catching Exceptions
  • Do not catch everything
  • Catching multiple exceptions
  • Re-raising exceptions
  • Exception Hierarchy
  • Else
  • Raising Exceptions
  • Creating custom exception types
  • Practical examples of exception handling
  • Exceptions are Objects too
  • Running clean-up code with finally
  • Chain exceptions with raise from
• Web scraping
  • Web scraping with Python
  • Scraping using the Scrapy framework
  • Basic example of using requests and lxml to scrape some data
  • Maintaining web-scraping session with requests
  • Scraping using Selenium WebDriver
  • Scraping using BeautifulSoup4
  • Modify Scrapy user agent
  • Simple web content download with urllib.request
  • Scraping with curl
• deque module
• Distributing self-contained applications
  • py2app
  • cx Freeze
• Property Objects
  • Property Objects
  • Using the property decorator for read-write properties
  • Using the property decorator
  • Overriding just a getter setter or a deleter of a property object
  • Using properties without decorators
• Overloading
  • Operator overloading
  • MagicDunder Methods
  • Container and sequence types
  • Callable types
  • Handling unimplemented behaviour
• Debugging
  • The Python Debugger Step-through Debugging with pdb
  • Via IPython and ipdb
  • Remote debugger
• Reading and Writing CSV
  • Reading and writing in Python
  • Writing a TSV file
  • Using pandas
• Dynamic code execution with exec and eval
  • Dynamic code execution with exec and eval
  • 0Executing code provided by untrusted user using exec eval or ast.literal eval
  • Evaluating statements with exec
  • Evaluating an expression with eval
  • Precompiling an expression to evaluate it multiple times
  • Evaluating an expression with eval using custom globals
  • Evaluating a string containing a Python literal with ast.literal eval
• PyInstaller - Distributing Python Code
  • PyInstaller - Distributing Python Code
  • Installation and Setup
  • Using Pyinstaller
  • Bundling to one folder
  • Bundling to a Single File
• Iterables and Iterators
  • Iterator vs Iterable vs Generator
  • Extract values one by one
  • Iterating over entire iterable
  • Verify only one element in iterable
  • What can be iterable
  • Iterator isn't reentrant
• Data Visualization
  • Seaborn
  • Matplotlib
  • MayaVI
  • Plotly
• The interpreter command line console
  • Getting general help
  • Referring to the last expression
  • Opening the Python console
  • The PYTHONSTARTUP variable
  • Command line arguments
  • Getting help about an object
• args and kwargs
  • args and kwargs
  • Using kwargs when writing functions
  • Using args when writing functions
  • Populating kwarg values with a dictionary
  • Using kwargs when calling functions
  • Keyword-only and Keyword-required arguments
  • Using args when calling functions
  • kwargs and default values
  • Using args when calling functions
• functools module
  • partial
  • lru cache
  • cmp to key
  • total ordering
  • reduce
• Garbage Collection
  • Garbage Collection
  • Reuse of primitive objects
  • Effects of the del command
  • Reference Counting
  • Garbage Collector for Reference Cycles
  • Viewing the refcount of an object
  • Forcefully deallocating objects
  • Managing garbage collection
  • Do not wait for the garbage collection to clean up
• Indentation
  • Simple example
  • How Indentation is Parsed
  • Indentation Errors
• Security and Cryptograhy
  • Security and Cryptography
  • Secure Password Hashing
  • Calculating a Message Digest
  • Available Hashing Algorithms
  • File Hashing
  • Symmetric encryption using pycrypto
  • Generating RSA signatures using pycrypto
  • Asymmetric RSA encryption using pycrypto
• Pickle data serialization
  • Pickle data serialisation
  • Using Pickle to serialize and deserialize an object
  • Customize Pickled Data
• urllib
  • HTTP GET
  • HTTP POST
  • Decode received bytes according to content type encoding
• Binary Data
  • Binary Data
  • Format a list of values into a byte object
  • Unpack a byte object according to a format string
  • Packing a structure
• Python and Excel
  • Put list data into a Excel file.
  • OpenPyXL
  • Create excel charts with xlsxwriter
  • Read the excel data using xlrd module
  • Format Excel files with xlsxwriter
• Idioms
  • Dictionary key initializations
  • Switching variables
  • Use truth value testing
  • Test for main to avoid unexpected code execution
• Method Overriding
• Difference between a module and a package
• Data Serialization
  • Data Serialization
  • Serialization using JSON
  • Serialization using Pickle
• Python Concurrency
  • Python concurrency
  • The multiprocessing module
  • The threading module
  • Passing data between multiprocessing processes
• RabbitMQ using AMQPStorm
  • Introduction to RabbitMQ using AMQPStorm
  • How to consume messages from RabbitMQ
  • How to publish messages to RabbitMQ
  • How to create a delayed queue in RabbitMQ
• PostgreSQL
• Descriptor
  • Simple descriptor
  • Two-way conversions
• Common Pitfalls
  • List multiplication and common references
  • Mutable default argument
  • Changing the sequence you are iterating over
  • Integer and String identity
  • Dictionaries are unordered
  • Variable leaking in list comprehensions and for loops
  • Chaining of or operator
  • sys.argv0 is the name of the file being executed
  • Accessing int literals attributes
  • Global Interpreter Lock GIL and blocking threads
  • Multiple return
  • Pythonic JSON keys
• Multiprocessing
  • Running Two Simple Processes
  • Using Pool and Map
• Creating temporary files with tempfile
• Working with ZIP files
  • Working with ZIP archives
  • Opening Zip Files
  • Examining Zipfile Contents
  • Extracting zip file contents to a directory
  • Creating new archives
• Stack
  • Stack
  • Creating a Stack class with a List Object
  • Parsing Parentheses
• Profiling
  • timeit and timeit in IPython
  • timeit function
  • timeit command line
  • line profiler in command line
  • Using cProfile Preferred Profiler
• User-Defined Methods
  • Creating user-defined method objects
  • Turtle example
• Working around Global Interpreter Lock
  • Working around the Global Interpreter Lock GIL
  • Multiprocessing.Pool
  • Cython nogil
• Deployment using conda
• Logging
  • Introduction to Python Logging
  • Logging exceptions
• Processes and Threads
  • Global Interpreter Lock
  • Running in Multiple Threads
  • Running in Multiple Processes
  • Sharing State Between Threads
  • Sharing State Between Processes
• os module
  • makedirs - recursive directory creation
  • Get current directory
  • Determine the name of the operating system
  • Remove a directory
  • Follow a symlink POSIX
  • Change permissions on a file
  • Create a directory
• Comments and documentation
• Database Access
  • Database Access
  • SQLite
  • Accessing MySQL database using MySQLdb
  • Connection
  • PostgreSQL Database access using psycopg2
  • Oracle database
  • Using sqlalchemy
• Python HTTP Server
  • Running a simple HTTP server
  • Serving files
  • Programmatic API of SimpleHTTPServer
  • Basic handling of GET POST PUT using BaseHTTPRequestHandler
• Alternatives to switch statement from other languages
  • Alternatives to switch statement from other languages
  • Use what the language offers the ifelse construct
  • Use a dict of functions
  • Use class introspection
  • Using a context manager
• List destructuring
  • Destructuring assignment
  • Packing function arguments
  • Unpacking function arguments
• Accessing Python source code and bytecode
  • Display the bytecode of a function
  • Display the source code of an object
  • Exploring the code object of a function
• Mixins
  • Mixins
  • Mixin
  • Overriding Methods in Mixins
• Attribute Access
  • Attribute Access
  • Basic Attribute Access using the Dot Notation
  • Setters Getters Properties
• ArcPy
  • ArcPy
  • Printing one fields value for all rows of feature class in file geodatabase using Search Cursor
  • createDissolvedGDB to create a file gdb on the workspace
• Python Anti-Patterns
  • Overzealous except clause
  • Looking before you leap with processor-intensive function
• Plugin and Extension Classes
  • Mixins
  • Plugins with Customized Classes
• Websockets
  • Simple Echo with aiohttp
  • Wrapper Class with aiohttp
  • Using Autobahn as a Websocket Factory
• Immutable data types
  • Individual characters of strings are not assignable
  • Tuples individual members arent assignable
  • Frozensets are immutable and not assignable
• String representations of class
  • String representations of class instances str and repr methods
  • Motivation
  • Both methods implemented eval-round-trip style repr
• Arrays
  • Arrays
  • Access individual elements through indexes
  • Basic Introduction to Arrays
  • Append any value to the array using append method
  • Insert value in an array using insert method
  • Extend python array using extend method
  • Add items from list into array using fromlist method
  • Remove any array element using remove method
  • Remove last array element using pop method
  • Fetch any element through its index using index method
  • Reverse a python array using reverse method
  • Get array buffer information through buffer info method
  • Check for number of occurrences of an element using count method
  • Convert array to string using tostring method
  • Convert array to a python list with same elements using tolist method
  • Append a string to char array using fromstring method
• Operator Precedence
  • Operator Precedence
  • Simple Operator Precedence Examples in python.
• Polymorphism
  • Duck Typing
  • Basic Polymorphism
• Alternative Python implementations
  • IronPython
  • Jython
  • Transcrypt
• List Comprehensions
  • List Comprehensions
  • Conditional List Comprehensions
  • List Comprehensions with Nested Loops
  • Refactoring filter and map to list comprehensions
  • Nested List Comprehensions
  • Iterate two or more list simultaneously within list comprehension
• Web Server Gateway Intrerface WSGI
  • Web Server Gateway Interface WSGI
  • Server Object Method
• 2to3 tool
  • 2to3 tool
  • Basic Usage
• Abstract Syntax Tree
• Abstract Base Classes
  • Setting the ABCMeta metaclass
  • Why / How to use ABCMeta and abstractmethod
• Unicode
• ssh in Python
  • Secure Shell Connection in Python
  • ssh connection
• Serial Communication with pyserial
  • Python Serial Communication pyserial
  • Initialize serial device
  • Read from serial port
  • Check what serial ports are available on your machine
• Neo4j
  • Adding Nodes to Neo4j Graph
  • Importing and Authenticating
  • Adding Relationships to Neo4j Graph
  • Query 1 Autocomplete on News Titles
  • Query 2 Get News Articles by Location on a particular date
  • Cypher Query Samples
• Performance optimization
  • Performance optimization
  • Code profiling
• Curses
  • Basic Curses with Python
  • Basic Invocation Example
  • The wrapper helper function.
• Templates
  • Simple data output program using template
  • Changing delimiter
• pass statement
  • The pass statement
  • Ignore an exception
  • Create a new Exception that can be caught
• Testing with py.test
  • Setting up py.test
  • Intro to Test Fixtures
  • Failing Tests
• Date Formatting
  • Time between two date-times
  • Outputting datetime object to string
  • Parsing string to datetime object
• heapq
  • Largest and smallest items in a collection
  • Smallest item in a collection
• tkinter
  • tkinter
  • Geometry Managers
  • A minimal tkinter Application
• CLI subcommands
  • CLI subcommands with precise help output
  • Native way no libraries
  • argparse default help formatter
  • argparse custom help formatter
• Defining functions with list arguments
• SQLite3 module
  • Sqlite3 - Not require separate server process.
  • Getting the values from the database and Error handling
• Persistence with pickle
  • Python Persistence
  • Python Persistence
  • Function utility for save and load
• Connecting to SQL Server
• Design Patterns
  • Introduction to design patterns and Singleton Pattern
  • Strategy Pattern
  • Proxy
• Multidimensional arrays
  • Lists in lists
  • Lists in lists in lists in...
• Audio
  • Working with WAV files
  • Convert any soundfile with python and ffmpeg
  • Playing Windows beeps
  • Audio With Pyglet
• pyglet
  • Installation of Pyglet
  • Hello World in Pyglet
  • Playing Sound in Pyglet
  • Using Pyglet for OpenGL
  • Drawing Points Using Pyglet and OpenGL
• queue module
  • Simple example
• ijson
  • Simple Example
• webbrowser module
  • Webbrowser Module
  • Opening a URL with Default Browser
  • Opening a URL with Different Browsers
• base64 module
• Flask
  • Flask
  • Files and Templates
  • The basics
  • Routing URLs
  • HTTP Methods
  • Jinja Templating
  • The Request Object
• Groupby
  • groupby
  • Example 4
  • Example 2
  • Example 3
  • Example 1
• Sockets and Message Encryption / Decryption
  • Sockets And Message EncryptionDecryption Between Client and Server
  • Server side Implementation
  • Client side Implementation
• pygame
  • pygame
  • Pygames mixer module
  • Installing pygame
• Input Subset and Output External Data Files using Pandas
  • Input Subset and Output External Data Files using Pandas
  • Basic Code to Import Subset and Write External Data Files Using Pandas
• hashlib
  • MD5 hash of a string
  • algorithm provided by OpenSSL
• Gzip
• ctypes
  • ctypes arrays
  • Wrapping functions for ctypes
  • Basic usage
  • Common pitfalls
  • Basic ctypes object
  • Complex usage
• Creating a Windows Service
  • A Python script that can be run as a service
  • Running a Flask web application as a service
• Mutable vs. Immutable
  • Mutable vs Immutable
  • Mutable and Immutable as Arguments
• configparser
• Common Exceptions
  • Other Errors
  • TypeErrors
  • NameError name is not defined
  • IndentationErrors or indentation SyntaxErrors
  • Syntax Error on good code
• Optical Character Recognition OCR
• Python Data Types
  • String Data Type
  • Numbers data type
  • List Data Type
  • Dictionary Data Type
  • Set Data Types
  • Tuple Data Type
• Partial functions
  • Partial functions
  • Raise the power
• Generating graphs
  • PyDotPlus
  • PyGraphviz
• Unzipping Files
  • Using Python ZipFile.extractall to decompress a ZIP file
  • Using Python TarFile.extractall to decompress a tarball
• Functional Programming
• Python Virtual Environment - virtualenv
  • Python Virtual Environment - virtualenv
  • Installation
  • Usage
  • Install a package in your Virtualenv
  • Other useful virtualenv commands
• sys module
  • sys
  • Command line arguments
  • Script name
  • Standard error stream
  • Ending the process prematurely and returning an exit code
• virtual environment with virtualenvwrapper
  • virtual environment with virtualenvwrapper
  • Create virtual environment with virtualenvwrapper
• virtualenvwrapper on Windows
• Python Requests Post
  • Simple Post
  • Form Encoded Data
  • File Upload
  • Responses
  • Authentication
  • Proxies
• Plotting with Matplotlib
  • A Simple Plot in Matplotlib
  • Adding more features to a simple plot axis labels title axis ticks grid and legend
  • Making multiple plots in the same figure by superimposition similar to MATLAB
  • Making multiple Plots in the same figure using plot superimposition with separate plot commands
  • Plots with Common X-axis but different Y-axis Using twinx
  • Plots with common Y-axis and different X-axis using twiny
• Python Lex-Yacc
  • Python Lex-Yacc
  • Getting Started with PLY
  • The Hello World of PLY - A Simple Calculator
  • Part 1 Tokenizing Input with Lex
  • Part 2 Parsing Tokenized Input with Yacc
• pyaudio
  • pyaudio
  • Callback Mode Audio IO
  • Blocking Mode Audio IO
• shelve
  • shelve
  • Creating a new Shelf
  • Sample code for shelve
  • To summarize the interface key is a string data is an arbitrary object
  • Write-back
• pip and PyPI Package Manager
  • Usage of pip module PyPI Package Manager
  • Example use of commands
  • Handling ImportError Exception
  • Force install
• Writing to CSV from String or List
  • Writing to CSV from String or List
  • Basic Write Example
  • Appending a String as a newline in a CSV file
• Raise Custom Errors Exceptions
• Using loops within functions
• Contributors